Anisotropy is a prevalent characteristic of the Earth’s subsurface, giving rise to more complex wavefield behavior than in purely acoustic media. Seismic data acquired in such anisotropic environments pose significant challenges for conventional acoustic imaging methods that rely on isotropic assumptions and acoustic approximations, often leading to inaccurate imaging of complex geologic structures. To address these challenges, we propose a wavefield depth extrapolation method grounded in the two-way acoustic anisotropic wave equation, specifically tailored for imaging in vertically transversely isotropic (VTI) media. Theoretically, the proposed method extends the two-way wave-equation-based wavefield extrapolation framework from acoustic media to anisotropic VTI media. To further improve image quality, we used a frequency–wavenumber-domain approach to remove pseudo-S-wave energy, enhancing the clarity of P-wave descriptions and reducing imaging artifacts. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed approach through several numerical tests, including experiments on a VTI three-layer model, the Hess VTI model, and the Marmousi VTI model. These benchmarks demonstrated that our method consistently outperformed conventional acoustic schemes designed for isotropic media, yielding clearer, higher-resolution structural images. In addition, we applied both the acoustic and the VTI-based migration methods to a real seismic dataset. The VTI-based migration provided a clearer, more continuous image of the deep structures than the acoustic migration method. The numerical experiments and real data application demonstrated that the proposed VTI imaging strategy is both practical and effective. More importantly, the findings underscore the need to explicitly account for anisotropic parameters in seismic imaging workflows to achieve geologically consistent and reliable interpretations in VTI-dominated regions.